Hagia Sophia means "church of Holy Wisdom" which is another way of referring to Jesus Christ. It was originally built as a Christian Church in the 6th century while Istanbul was the capital of the Byzantine Empire. It was converted into a mosque in the 15th century by the Ottomans. The only thing that changed was the nave was shifted a few degrees from center to facing Mecca.
(As a reminder, Muslims do consider Jesus a prophet, they just don't accept his role as Savior or his ressurrection, that is why the frescos of Jesus and Mary remain and were not removed).
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